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The Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act and

The Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act (CLAA) was passed by Congress in 1965 to make Americans more aware of the adverse health effects of smoking. The CLAA requires health warnings on cigarette packages. As amended by the Comprehensive Smoking Education Act, the CLAA requires cigarette packaging to contain one of four specific labels warning of the adverse health effects of cigarette smoking. Warning statements must also be included in newspaper, magazine, transit and outdoor advertising. Cigarette advertising is banned from radio and television.

The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986

In the 1980s, there was increasing public debate over the safety of childhood vaccines. There were reports of serious injuries or death supposedly related to adverse reactions to childhood vaccines. Because of the threat of lawsuits, some companies stopped making vaccines.

The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission

The Consumer Product Safety Act of 1972 (Act) created the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (Commission), a federal regulatory agency. The Safety Commission enforces five federal laws: the Consumer Product Safety Act, the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, the Flammable Fabrics Act, the Poison Prevention Packaging Act, and the Refrigerator Safety Act.

Intrauterine Device Litigation

The intrauterine device (IUD) is a form of birth control that became popular in the 1960s. An IUD is a device that is inserted into a woman's body. It prevents a fertilized egg from implanting.

Food-borne Illness from Fresh Produce

Food-borne illness is caused by pathogens--bacteria (E. coli, Salmonella, Listeria, Shigella), parasites (Giardia, Cyclospora, Cryptosporidium), and certain viruses (hepatitis A). Typical symptoms of foodborne illness include diarrhea, abdominal cramping, fever, headache, vomiting, and exhaustion.